Palabras clave
volcán Popocatépetl
gestión del riesgo
Cómo citar
Citas en Dimensions Service
Resumen
Los lahares son flujos destructivos ligados a áreas volcánicas, compuestos de agua y material piroclástico, capaces de recorrer largas distancias a altas velocidades. Simular su dinámica es crucial para la evaluación de peligros y la mitigación de riesgos; sin embargo, esto sigue siendo complejo debido a factores tales como la incertidumbre de los parámetros, la escasez de datos de calibración y la variabilidad topográfica del terreno. Los enfoques actuales para su evaluación abarcan desde métodos empíricos hasta simulaciones numéricas avanzadas promediadas en profundidad, donde la resistencia al flujo se representa típicamente mediante modelos reológicos. Las formulaciones comunes incluyen la ecuación de Manning, el modelo de fricción de Voellmy y la reología plástica de Bingham, cada una de las cuales captura diferentes aspectos del comportamiento del flujo no newtoniano. Este estudio evalúa el rendimiento de varios modelos reológicos en la reconstrucción del evento de lahar ocurrido en 2001 en el volcán Popocatépetl (México) utilizando el módulo no newtoniano mejorado de la herramienta de modelado hidrodinámico Iber (Iber-NNF). Los resultados muestran que la elección del modelo afecta significativamente la precisión de la simulación. Los modelos tipo Manning tuvieron un rendimiento deficiente, lo que pone de relieve las limitaciones de los términos de resistencia dependiente de la velocidad para capturar el comportamiento estático del flujo.
Citas
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Derechos de autor 2025 Marcos Sanz-Ramos, Ernest Bladé, Andrés Díez-Herrero, Daniel Vázquez-Tarrío, Julio Garrote, Nieves Sánchez, Ines Galindo